throw one's self hastily

cōnĭcĭo (also conjĭcio and cōicio; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 2, 1061; Laber. ap. Gell. 16, 7, 5), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. (arch. temp. perf. conjexi, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99) [jacio].

To throw or bring together, to unite, = cogo, colligo.

Lit. (very rare):

cum semina rerum coaluerint quae, conjecta repente, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 1061; cf. id. 2, 1073 sq.:

palliolum in collum,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 10; id. Capt. 4, 1, 12 (cf. id. ib. 4, 2, 9:

collecto pallio): sarcinas in medium,

Liv. 10, 36, 1 Weissenb. (MSS. in medio); ib. § 13; 31, 27, 7: tecta, quae conjectis celeriter stramentis erant inaedificata, Auct. B. G. 8, 5. —

Trop.

To throw together in speaking, to dispute, contend, discuss, manage judicially (ante-class.): verba inter sese, to bandy words, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 28;

so without verba: noli, mea mater, me praesente cum patre, conicere,

id. ib. p. 267, 30;

p. 268, 3: causam conicere hodie ad te volo (conicere, agere, Non.),

id. ib. p. 267, 32; cf. the law formula: ante meridiem causam coiciunto, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20; and Gell. 17, 2, 10.—

Like the Gr. sumballein (v. Lidd. and Scott in h. v. III. 2.), to put together logically, connect, unite; hence (causa pro effectu), to draw a conclusion from collected particulars, to conclude, infer, conjecture (not in Quint., who very freq. employed the synon. colligo):

aliquid ex aliquā re,

Lucr. 1, 751; 2, 121; Nep. Eum. 2, 2; id. Timoth. 4, 2:

annos sexaginta natus es aut plus, ut conicio,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

quid illud mali est? nequeo satis mirari, neque conicere,

id. Eun. 3, 4, 9:

cito conjeci, Lanuvii te fuisse,

Cic. Att. 14, 21, 1:

de futuris,

Nep. Them. 1, 4:

quam multos esse oporteret, ex ipso navigio,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71:

conicito, possisne necne, etc.,

Plaut. Cas. 1, 1, 6:

tu conicito cetera, Quid ego ex hac inopiā capiam,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 15.—

In partic., t. t. of the lang. of augury, to prophesy, foretell, divine from omens, signs ( a dream, oracle, etc.); to interpret an omen, a dream, an oracle, etc.:

somnium huic,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 3:

qui de matre suaviandā ex oraculo Apollinis tam acute arguteque conjecerit,

Cic. Brut. 14, 53:

male conjecta maleque interpretata falsa sunt, etc.,

id. Div. 1, 52, 119; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 66:

num igitur quae tempestas impendeat vatis melius coniciet quam gubernator? etc.,

id. ib. 2, 5, 12:

bene qui coniciet, vatem hunc perhibebo optumum (transl. of a Greek verse),

id. ib. 2, 5, 12; cf. conjectura, II., conjector, and conjectrix.—

To throw, cast, urge, drive, hurl, put, place, etc., a person or thing with force, quickly, etc., to or towards; and conicere se, to betake, cast, or throw one's self hastily or in flight somewhere (very freq. and class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

With in:

tela in nostros,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 46; Nep. Dat. 9, 5:

pila in hostes,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52: aliquem in carcerem, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 7, § 17; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96; Suet. Caes. 17:

in vincula,

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; Sall. C. 42, 3; Nep. Milt. 7 fin.; id. Paus. 3, 5; id. Pelop. 5, 1; Liv. 29, 9, 8, and id. 19, 2, 4 et saep.:

in catenas,

Caes. B. G. 1, 47 fin.; Liv. 29, 21, 2:

in compedes,

Suet. Vit. 12:

in custodiam,

Nep. Phoc. 3, 4; Gai Inst. 1, 13; Suet. Aug. 27 al.: incolas vivos constrictosque in flammam, Auct. B. Afr. 87; cf.:

te in ignem,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 64:

in eculeum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

hostem in fugam,

Caes. B. G. 4, 12:

exercitum in angustias,

Curt. 5, 3, 21:

navem in portum (vis tempestatis),

Cic. Inv. 2, 32, 98:

serpentes vivas in vasa fictilia,

Nep. Hann. 10, 4:

cultros in guttura velleris atri,

to thrust into, Ov. M. 7, 245; cf.:

ferrum in guttura,

id. ib. 3, 90:

se in signa manipulosque,

Caes. B. G. 6, 40:

se in paludem,

Liv. 1, 12, 10:

se in sacrarium,

Nep. Them. 8, 4:

se in ultimam provinciam Tarsum usque,

Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4:

se in fugam,

id. Cael. 26, 63; so,

se in pedes,

to take to one's heels, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 13 (cf.: se conferre in pedes, Enn. ap. Non. p. 518, 20, and Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 7; and:

quin, pedes, vos in curriculum conicitis?

id. Merc. 5, 2, 91):

se intro,

Lucil. 28, 47; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 36.—

With dat. (rare):

alii spolia... Coniciunt igni,

Verg. A. 11, 194:

huic dea unum anguem Conicit,

id. ib. 7, 347:

facem juveni conjecit,

id. ib. 7, 456:

conjectaque vincula collo accipit,

thrown about the neck, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 83.—

With ad:

animus domicilia mutet ad alias animalium formas conjectus,

removed, transposed, Sen. Ep. 88, 29.—

With acc. alone (mostly poet.):

magnus decursus aquaï Fragmina coniciens silvarum arbustaque tota,

bearing down, prostrating, Lucr. 1, 284:

jaculum,

Verg. A. 9, 698:

tela,

Ov. M. 5, 42:

cultros,

id. ib. 15, 735:

thyrsos,

id. ib. 11, 28:

venabula manibus,

id. ib. 12, 454:

domus inflammata conjectis ignibus,

Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2:

telum inbelle sine ictu,

Verg. A. 2, 544.—

With inter:

jaculum inter ilia,

Ov. M. 8, 412.—

Trop., to bring, direct, turn, throw, urge, drive, force something eagerly, quickly to or towards, etc.

With in:

aliquem in morbum ex aegritudine,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 69:

aliquem in laetitiam,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 51:

(hostes) in terrorem ac tumultum,

Liv. 34, 28, 3:

in metum,

id. 39, 25, 11:

in periculum,

Suet. Oth. 10:

rem publicam in perturbationes,

Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1:

aliquem in nuptias,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 23; cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 14;

4, 1, 43: (Catilinam) ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 1:

aliquem in tricas,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 18; Liv. 36, 12, 4:

se in saginam ad regem aliquem,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99: se mirificam in latebram, to fly to (in disputing), Cic. Div. 2, 20, 46:

se in noctem,

to commit one's self to the night, travel by night, id. Mil. 19, 49: se mente ac voluntate in versum, to devote or apply one's self with zeal to the art of poetry, id. de Or. 3, 50, 194:

oculos in aliquem,

id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Lael. 2, 9; Tac. H. 1, 17:

orationem tam improbe in clarissimos viros,

Cic. Sest. 18, 40:

tantam pecuniam in propylaea,

to throw away, squander, id. Off. 2, 17, 60; cf.:

cum sestertium milies in culinam conjecisset (Apicius),

Sen. Cons. Helv. 10, 9:

culpam in unum vigilem,

Liv. 5, 47, 10:

crimina in tuam nimiam diligentiam,

Cic. Mur. 35, 73:

maledicta in ejus vitam,

id. Planc. 12, 31: causas tenues simultatum in gregem locupletium, i. e. to cause, occasion, Auct. B. Alex. 49:

crimen in quae tempora,

Liv. 3, 24, 5:

omen in illam provinciam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 18.—

Absol.:

oculos,

Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 225:

petitiones ita conjectae (the fig. taken from aiming at a thing with weapons),

id. Cat. 1, 6, 15: in disputando conjecit illam vocem Cn. Pompeius, omnes oportere senatui dicto audientes esse, threw out or let fall, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With sub:

id vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis,

Liv. 4, 4, 10.—

Of a verbal bringing forward, etc., to urge, press, treat, adduce: rem ubi paciscuntur, in comitio aut in foro causam coiciunto, XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20: causam coicere ad te volo, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 32 (Com. Rel. v. 216 Rib.):

verba inter se acrius,

id. ib. p. 267, 27 (Com. Rel. v. 309 ib.): is cum filio Cojecerat nescio quid de ratiunculā, id. ap. Suet. Vit. Ner. 11 (Com. Rel. v. 191 ib.).—

To throw, place, put into, include in, etc.: eum fasciculum, quo illam (epistulam) conjeceram, Cic. Att. 2, 13, 1:

ex illo libello, qui in epistulam conjectus est,

id. ib. 9, 13, 7:

conjeci id (prooemium) in eum librum, quem tibi misi,

id. ib. 16, 6, 4:

pluraque praeterea in eandem epistulam conjeci,

id. ib. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

quod multos dies epistulam in manibus habui... ideo multa conjecta sunt aliud alio tempore,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 23:

legem in decimam tabulam,

id. Leg. 2, 25, 64; id. Caecin. 22, 63.

cōnĭcĭo (also conjĭcio and cōicio; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 2, 1061; Laber. ap. Gell. 16, 7, 5), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. (arch. temp. perf. conjexi, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99) [jacio].

To throw or bring together, to unite, = cogo, colligo.

Lit. (very rare):

cum semina rerum coaluerint quae, conjecta repente, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 1061; cf. id. 2, 1073 sq.:

palliolum in collum,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 10; id. Capt. 4, 1, 12 (cf. id. ib. 4, 2, 9:

collecto pallio): sarcinas in medium,

Liv. 10, 36, 1 Weissenb. (MSS. in medio); ib. § 13; 31, 27, 7: tecta, quae conjectis celeriter stramentis erant inaedificata, Auct. B. G. 8, 5. —

Trop.

To throw together in speaking, to dispute, contend, discuss, manage judicially (ante-class.): verba inter sese, to bandy words, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 28;

so without verba: noli, mea mater, me praesente cum patre, conicere,

id. ib. p. 267, 30;

p. 268, 3: causam conicere hodie ad te volo (conicere, agere, Non.),

id. ib. p. 267, 32; cf. the law formula: ante meridiem causam coiciunto, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20; and Gell. 17, 2, 10.—

Like the Gr. sumballein (v. Lidd. and Scott in h. v. III. 2.), to put together logically, connect, unite; hence (causa pro effectu), to draw a conclusion from collected particulars, to conclude, infer, conjecture (not in Quint., who very freq. employed the synon. colligo):

aliquid ex aliquā re,

Lucr. 1, 751; 2, 121; Nep. Eum. 2, 2; id. Timoth. 4, 2:

annos sexaginta natus es aut plus, ut conicio,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

quid illud mali est? nequeo satis mirari, neque conicere,

id. Eun. 3, 4, 9:

cito conjeci, Lanuvii te fuisse,

Cic. Att. 14, 21, 1:

de futuris,

Nep. Them. 1, 4:

quam multos esse oporteret, ex ipso navigio,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71:

conicito, possisne necne, etc.,

Plaut. Cas. 1, 1, 6:

tu conicito cetera, Quid ego ex hac inopiā capiam,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 15.—

In partic., t. t. of the lang. of augury, to prophesy, foretell, divine from omens, signs ( a dream, oracle, etc.); to interpret an omen, a dream, an oracle, etc.:

somnium huic,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 3:

qui de matre suaviandā ex oraculo Apollinis tam acute arguteque conjecerit,

Cic. Brut. 14, 53:

male conjecta maleque interpretata falsa sunt, etc.,

id. Div. 1, 52, 119; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 66:

num igitur quae tempestas impendeat vatis melius coniciet quam gubernator? etc.,

id. ib. 2, 5, 12:

bene qui coniciet, vatem hunc perhibebo optumum (transl. of a Greek verse),

id. ib. 2, 5, 12; cf. conjectura, II., conjector, and conjectrix.—

To throw, cast, urge, drive, hurl, put, place, etc., a person or thing with force, quickly, etc., to or towards; and conicere se, to betake, cast, or throw one's self hastily or in flight somewhere (very freq. and class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

With in:

tela in nostros,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 46; Nep. Dat. 9, 5:

pila in hostes,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52: aliquem in carcerem, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 7, § 17; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96; Suet. Caes. 17:

in vincula,

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; Sall. C. 42, 3; Nep. Milt. 7 fin.; id. Paus. 3, 5; id. Pelop. 5, 1; Liv. 29, 9, 8, and id. 19, 2, 4 et saep.:

in catenas,

Caes. B. G. 1, 47 fin.; Liv. 29, 21, 2:

in compedes,

Suet. Vit. 12:

in custodiam,

Nep. Phoc. 3, 4; Gai Inst. 1, 13; Suet. Aug. 27 al.: incolas vivos constrictosque in flammam, Auct. B. Afr. 87; cf.:

te in ignem,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 64:

in eculeum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

hostem in fugam,

Caes. B. G. 4, 12:

exercitum in angustias,

Curt. 5, 3, 21:

navem in portum (vis tempestatis),

Cic. Inv. 2, 32, 98:

serpentes vivas in vasa fictilia,

Nep. Hann. 10, 4:

cultros in guttura velleris atri,

to thrust into, Ov. M. 7, 245; cf.:

ferrum in guttura,

id. ib. 3, 90:

se in signa manipulosque,

Caes. B. G. 6, 40:

se in paludem,

Liv. 1, 12, 10:

se in sacrarium,

Nep. Them. 8, 4:

se in ultimam provinciam Tarsum usque,

Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4:

se in fugam,

id. Cael. 26, 63; so,

se in pedes,

to take to one's heels, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 13 (cf.: se conferre in pedes, Enn. ap. Non. p. 518, 20, and Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 7; and:

quin, pedes, vos in curriculum conicitis?

id. Merc. 5, 2, 91):

se intro,

Lucil. 28, 47; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 36.—

With dat. (rare):

alii spolia... Coniciunt igni,

Verg. A. 11, 194:

huic dea unum anguem Conicit,

id. ib. 7, 347:

facem juveni conjecit,

id. ib. 7, 456:

conjectaque vincula collo accipit,

thrown about the neck, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 83.—

With ad:

animus domicilia mutet ad alias animalium formas conjectus,

removed, transposed, Sen. Ep. 88, 29.—

With acc. alone (mostly poet.):

magnus decursus aquaï Fragmina coniciens silvarum arbustaque tota,

bearing down, prostrating, Lucr. 1, 284:

jaculum,

Verg. A. 9, 698:

tela,

Ov. M. 5, 42:

cultros,

id. ib. 15, 735:

thyrsos,

id. ib. 11, 28:

venabula manibus,

id. ib. 12, 454:

domus inflammata conjectis ignibus,

Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2:

telum inbelle sine ictu,

Verg. A. 2, 544.—

With inter:

jaculum inter ilia,

Ov. M. 8, 412.—

Trop., to bring, direct, turn, throw, urge, drive, force something eagerly, quickly to or towards, etc.

With in:

aliquem in morbum ex aegritudine,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 69:

aliquem in laetitiam,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 51:

(hostes) in terrorem ac tumultum,

Liv. 34, 28, 3:

in metum,

id. 39, 25, 11:

in periculum,

Suet. Oth. 10:

rem publicam in perturbationes,

Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1:

aliquem in nuptias,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 23; cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 14;

4, 1, 43: (Catilinam) ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 1:

aliquem in tricas,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 18; Liv. 36, 12, 4:

se in saginam ad regem aliquem,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99: se mirificam in latebram, to fly to (in disputing), Cic. Div. 2, 20, 46:

se in noctem,

to commit one's self to the night, travel by night, id. Mil. 19, 49: se mente ac voluntate in versum, to devote or apply one's self with zeal to the art of poetry, id. de Or. 3, 50, 194:

oculos in aliquem,

id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Lael. 2, 9; Tac. H. 1, 17:

orationem tam improbe in clarissimos viros,

Cic. Sest. 18, 40:

tantam pecuniam in propylaea,

to throw away, squander, id. Off. 2, 17, 60; cf.:

cum sestertium milies in culinam conjecisset (Apicius),

Sen. Cons. Helv. 10, 9:

culpam in unum vigilem,

Liv. 5, 47, 10:

crimina in tuam nimiam diligentiam,

Cic. Mur. 35, 73:

maledicta in ejus vitam,

id. Planc. 12, 31: causas tenues simultatum in gregem locupletium, i. e. to cause, occasion, Auct. B. Alex. 49:

crimen in quae tempora,

Liv. 3, 24, 5:

omen in illam provinciam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 18.—

Absol.:

oculos,

Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 225:

petitiones ita conjectae (the fig. taken from aiming at a thing with weapons),

id. Cat. 1, 6, 15: in disputando conjecit illam vocem Cn. Pompeius, omnes oportere senatui dicto audientes esse, threw out or let fall, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With sub:

id vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis,

Liv. 4, 4, 10.—

Of a verbal bringing forward, etc., to urge, press, treat, adduce: rem ubi paciscuntur, in comitio aut in foro causam coiciunto, XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20: causam coicere ad te volo, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 32 (Com. Rel. v. 216 Rib.):

verba inter se acrius,

id. ib. p. 267, 27 (Com. Rel. v. 309 ib.): is cum filio Cojecerat nescio quid de ratiunculā, id. ap. Suet. Vit. Ner. 11 (Com. Rel. v. 191 ib.).—

To throw, place, put into, include in, etc.: eum fasciculum, quo illam (epistulam) conjeceram, Cic. Att. 2, 13, 1:

ex illo libello, qui in epistulam conjectus est,

id. ib. 9, 13, 7:

conjeci id (prooemium) in eum librum, quem tibi misi,

id. ib. 16, 6, 4:

pluraque praeterea in eandem epistulam conjeci,

id. ib. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

quod multos dies epistulam in manibus habui... ideo multa conjecta sunt aliud alio tempore,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 23:

legem in decimam tabulam,

id. Leg. 2, 25, 64; id. Caecin. 22, 63.

praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [praeceps], to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo).

Lit.:

pilae in mare praecipitatae,

Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.:

truncas rupes in tecta domosque,

Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518:

pinus,

Stat. Achill. 2, 546.— Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense:

se e Leucade,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

se a tecto,

Sen. Ep. 4, 4:

se de turri,

Liv. 23, 37:

sese in fossas,

Caes. B. C. 3, 69:

praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro),

threw themselves from the wall, Liv. 23, 19, 6; Hor. S. 2, 3, 277:

plerique semet ipsi praecipitaverunt,

Liv. 21, 14, 1:

se in Tiberim,

id. 4, 12, 11; Caes. B. G. 4, 15; Curt. 4, 16, 16; 6, 6, 32;

Auct. B. Alex. 18: ubi Nilus praecipitans se fragore auditum accolis aufert,

Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 118:

praecipitare volens etiam pulcherrima,

to throw overboard, Juv. 12, 38.—Mid.:

cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur,

threw themselves down, Sall. J. 58, 6; Ov. F. 4, 164; id. M. 7, 760; 11, 556:

lux Praecipitatur aquis,

sinks in the ocean, sets, id. ib. 4, 92; cf.:

hac te praecipitato,

run this way, for life! Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36.— Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.—

Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down:

vitem,

Cato, R. R. 32, 2:

partem (vitis),

Col. 4, 20, 4:

palmitem,

id. 5, 6, 33.—

Trop.

To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: [p. 1414] praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.:

in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno,

Sall. J. 14, 23.— Esp. with reflex. pron.:

semet ipse praecipitare,

to hasten to ruin, destroy one's self, Sall. J. 41, 9:

se in exitium,

Cels. 3, 21:

se in insidias,

Liv. 3, 18, 7 dub. (Madv. omits se):

furor iraque mentem Praecipitant,

carry away, urge onward, sway violently, Verg. A. 2, 317:

spem festinando praecipitare,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 140:

in senectam praecipitare,

to cause to grow old prematurely, Plin. 17, 12, 19, § 94:

quosdam praecipitat subjecta potentia magnae Invidiae,

Juv. 10, 56.—In pass., Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43: nox praecipitata, declining, i. e. drawing to a close, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 47; cf.: aetas praecipitata (opp. adulescens), declining age, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—

To hasten, hurry a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quae Praecipitent obitum,

hasten their setting, Cic. Arat. 349:

vindemiam,

Col. 3, 21, 10:

consulta viri,

Sil. 3, 166:

ne praecipitetur editio,

Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 2:

consilia raptim praecipitata,

precipitate, Liv. 31, 32.— Poet.:

moras,

i. e. exchange delay for haste, Verg. A. 8, 443; 12, 699:

Tiphyn pelago parari praecipitat,

Val. Fl. 2, 390:

cursum,

Juv. 15, 78.—

With acc. and inf., to hasten, press, urge to do any thing ( poet.):

dare tempus Praecipitant curae,

Verg. A. 11, 3:

si praecipitant miserum cognoscere curae,

Stat. Th. 1, 679. —

Neutr., to hasten or rush down, to throw one's self down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, to fall (class., but only of involuntary falling; cf. I. A.).

Lit.:

praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere,

Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

de montibus altis ad terram,

Lucr. 4, 1021:

ubi Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 19; cf.:

Fibrenus... statim praecipitat in Lirem,

id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: and:

in amni praecipitante,

id. de Or. 3, 48, 186:

nimbi In vada praecipitant,

Verg. A. 9, 670; 11, 617:

in fossam,

Liv. 25, 11, 6; 7, 6, 9; 38, 2, 14;

39, 2, 3: in insidias,

id. 2, 51; 5, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82:

non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas?

Verg. A. 4, 565:

sol praecipitans,

Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 209:

jam nox caelo Praecipitat,

is sinking, draws to a close, Verg. A. 2, 9:

hiems jam praecipitaverat,

had closed, come to an end, Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—

Trop.

To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin:

qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31:

praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so,

praecipitantem impellamus,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat,

he may tumble down, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

praecipitante re publicā,

id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and:

cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res,

Liv. 27, 40:

ad exitium praecipitans,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.—

To be too hasty:

cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit,

Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68.—Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately:

agens mannos ad villam,

Lucr. 3, 1063.

con-tendo, di, tum, 3, v. a. and n., to stretch, stretch out vigorously, to draw tight, strain.

Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):

arcum,

Verg. A. 12, 815; Ov. M. 6, 286; id. R. Am. 435: tormenta, Sisen. ap. Non. p. 258, 27; Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57: muscipula, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 181, 31:

tenacia vincla,

Verg. G. 4, 412:

ilia risu,

Ov. A. A. 3, 285: pontem in alto, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 21 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.):

oculi contendunt se,

Lucr. 4, 810.— Of stringed instruments, to tune by stretching the strings:

ut in fidibus pluribus, si nulla earum ita contenta nervis sit, ut concentum servare possit,

Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75; cf. infra, P. a.—

Meton.

(Causa pro effectu.) Of weapons, to shoot, hurl, dart, throw:

infensam hastam,

Verg. A. 10, 521:

tela,

id. ib. 12, 815:

sagittas nervo,

Sil. 1, 323:

telum aërias in auras,

Verg. A. 5, 520. —

Of places, neutr., to stretch, reach, extend:

haec patulum vallis contendit in orbem,

Calp. Ecl. 7, 30:

Cappadocum gens usque ad Cyrresticam ejus regionem parte suā, quae vocatur Cataonia, contendit,

Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 24.—

Trop. (freq. in prose and poetry); act., to strain eagerly, to stretch, exert, to direct one's mental powers to something, to pursue or strive for earnestly; or neutr., to exert one's self, to strive zealously for something, etc.

In gen.

With acc.:

magnum fortasse onus, verum tamen dignum, in quo omnis nervos aetatis industriaeque meae contenderem,

Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35; cf.:

contendit omnis nervos Chrysippus, ut persuadeat, etc.,

id. Fat. 10, 21:

summas vires de palmā,

Lucr. 4, 990:

animum in curas,

Ov. P. 1, 5, 11:

quo se dira libido,

Lucr. 4, 1043:

tamen id sibi contendendum aut aliter non transducendum exercitum existimabat,

Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.:

id contendere et laborare, ne ea, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 31; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52: et petere imperium populi et contendere honores, Varr. ap. Non. p. 259, 32.—

With inf., to exert one's self vigorously to do something, to apply one's self with zeal to, to go to:

hunc locum duabus ex partibus oppugnare contendit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 21:

summā vi transcendere in hostium naves,

id. ib. 3, 15:

fugā salutem petere,

id. ib. al.; Quint. 10, 1, 125:

neque ego nunc hoc contendo... mutare animum, sed, etc.,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 38.—

Neutr.:

quantum coniti animo potes, quantum labore contendere... tantum fac ut efficias,

Cic. Off. 3, 2, 6.— With ut:

quántum potero voce contendam, ut populus hoc Romanus exaudiat,

Cic. Lig. 3, 6; so,

remis, ut eam partem insulae caperet,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8 et saep.:

contende quaeso atque elabora, ut, etc.,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42.— Absol.:

vociferarer et, quantum maxime possem, contenderem,

Cic. Fl. 16, 38 al.:

non possis oculo quantum contendere Lynceus (= collineare),

to aim at, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 28.—

In partic.,

To direct or bend one's course eagerly somewhere; or, neutr., to strive to get to a place, to seek to arrive at, to go, march, or journey hastily to, etc.

With acc. (very rare):

rectā plateā cursum suum,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58:

nocte unā tantum itineris,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97.—

With inf. (freq.):

Bibracte ire,

Caes. B. G. 1, 23; so,

ire cum his legionibus,

id. ib. 1, 10:

in Britanniam proficisci,

id. ib. 4, 20:

in provinciam reverti,

id. ib. 3, 6 fin.:

Dyrrhachium petere,

Cic. Planc. 41, 97; cf.:

proxima litora petere cursu,

Verg. A. 1, 158; and:

iter a Vibone Brundisium terrā petere,

Cic. Planc. 40, 96 Wund.—

Neutr. (so most freq.):

in Italiam magnis itineribus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 10; cf.:

huc magnis itineribus,

id. ib. 1, 38 fin.:

huc magno cursu,

id. ib. 3, 19:

inde in Italiam,

id. ib. 1, 33:

in fines Sigambrorum,

id. ib. 4, 18:

in castra,

id. ib. 4, 37:

ex eo loco ad flumen,

id. ib. 2, 9:

ad Rhenum finesque Germanorum,

id. ib. 1, 27 fin.:

ad oppidum Noviodunum,

id. ib. 2, 12:

ad castra,

id. ib. 2, 19 fin.; 3, 24 fin.:

ad hostes,

id. ib. 5, 9:

ad Amanum,

Cic. Att. 5, 20, 3: Tarentum ad Heraclidem Ponticum, Varr. ap. Non. p. 260, 19:

Lacedaemonem,

Nep. Cim. 3, 3:

domum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24 fin. et saep.:

ad ultimum animo,

Cic. Mur. 31, 65; cf.:

magna spectare atque ad ea rectis studiis contendere,

id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

ad summam laudem gloriamque maximis laboribus et periculis,

id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:

ad salutem,

Caes. B. G. 3, 3 fin. —

( Neutr.) To measure or try one's strength with, with weapons, by words, in action, etc.; to strive, dispute, fight, contend against, vie with; constr. with cum aliquo, contra or adversus aliquem, the dat., inter se, or absol.

Cum aliquo:

neque post id tempus umquam summis nobiscum copiis hostes contenderunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 17 fin.; 1, 36:

cum Sequanis bello,

id. ib. 7, 67 fin.:

cum eo armis,

Cic. Att. 7, 9, 2:

cum magnis legionibus parvā manu,

Sall. C. 53, 3:

cum barbaro,

Nep. Con. 4, 3:

cum victore,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 42:

mecum ingenio et arte,

Prop. 2 (3), 24, 23 al.:

cum eo de principatu,

Nep. Arist. 1, 1; cf. id. Ages. 1, 4 al.:

divitiis et sumptibus, non probitate neque industriā cum majoribus suis,

Sall. J. 4, 7:

humilitas cum dignitate et amplitudine,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136.—So with acc. of neutr. pron.:

tamenne vereris, ut possis haec contra Hortensium contendere?

Cic. Quint. 25, 78.—

Contra aliquem:

contra populum Romanum armis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

tauri pro vitulis contra leones summā vi impetuque contendunt,

Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

contra vim gravitatemque morbi,

id. Phil. 9, 7, 15:

nihil contra naturam universam,

id. Off. 1, 31, 110; Cat. 64, 101.—

Adversus aliquem: non contendam ego adversus te, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13, A, 2.—

With dat. ( poet.):

hirundo cycnis,

Lucr. 3, 6:

Homero,

Prop. 1, 7, 3; 1, 14, 7:

Pindaricis plectris,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 101.—

Inter se:

hi cum tantopere de potentatu inter se multos annos contenderent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 4; 1, 5, 3:

viribus inter se,

Lucr. 3, 784.— Impers.:

interim proelio equestri inter duas acies contendebatur,

the contest was carried on, Caes. B. G. 2, 9.—

Absol.:

proelio,

Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 1, 50 fin.;

3, 28 al.: magis virtute quam dolo,

id. ib. 1, 13; Nep. Epam. 2, 5:

translatio non habet quaestionem, de quā contendit orator, sed propter quam contendit,

Quint. 3, 6, 72; cf. id. 6, 1, 50; 7, 9, 3 al.— Impers.:

summo jure contenditur,

Cic. Caecin. 23, 65:

de his lite contenditur,

Quint. 3, 4, 8:

de personis judicatur, sed de rebus contenditur,

id. 10, 5, 13.—

In auctions, to vie with in bidding, to bid against: is liceri non destitit;

illi quoad videbatur ferri aliquo modo posse, contenderunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 42, § 99.—

( Act.) To place together in comparison, to compare, contrast; constr. with cum, ad, the dat., or acc. only.

With cum: tuam iram contra cum ira Liberi, Naev. ap. Non. p. 259, 7; Caecil. ib. p. 259, 1:

id cum defensione nostrā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 93:

rationem meam cum tuā ratione,

id. N. D. 3, 4, 10; Tac. A. 4, 32 al.: suam vitam mecum, Licinius, Macer. ap. Non. p. 259, 3.—

With ad: ut vim contendas tuam ad majestatem viri, Att. ap. Non. p. 259, 5 (Trag. Rel. v. 648 Rib.).—

With dat.: Thestiadas Ledae, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 258, 30:

vellera potantia Aquinatem fucum Sidonio ostro,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 26; Aus. Grat. Act. 14 al.—

With [p. 447] acc. only: anulum, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 258, 29:

ipsas causas, quae inter se confligunt,

Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

leges,

id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

suam quaeque nobilitatem, formam, opes,

Tac. A. 12, 1:

vetera et praesentia,

id. ib. 13, 3.—

( Act.) To demand, ask, solicit, entreat, beg earnestly, to seek to gain:

cum a me peteret et summe contenderet, ut suum propinquum defenderem,

Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

verecundius a te, si quae magna res mihi petenda esset, contenderem,

id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; so,

ab aliquo,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131; id. de Or. 1, 36, 166; id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4; id. Fam. 13, 7, 3; cf.:

a magistris de proferendo die,

id. ib. 12, 30, 5; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 15:

ne quid contra aequitatem,

id. Off. 2, 20, 71:

omni opere, ut, etc.,

Suet. Dom. 2:

magno opere, ne, etc.,

id. Aug. 27; id. Vit. 3:

pertinaciter,

id. Caes. 1.—

( Act.) To assert, affirm earnestly, to maintain or contend energetically.

With acc. and inf.:

sic ego hoc contendo, me tibi ipsi adversario cujuscumque tribus rationem poposceris redditurum,

Cic. Planc. 19, 48; id. Sest. 50, 107; id. Arch. 7, 15:

apud eos contendit falsa esse delata,

Nep. Them. 7, 2; id. Epam. 8, 1:

illud pro me majoribusque meis contendere ausim, nihil nos... scientes fuisse,

Liv. 6, 40, 5; Quint. prooem. § 11; 1, 2, 25; Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 6; Lucr. 5, 1343; Cat. 44, 4; Ov. M. 2, 855; Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37 al.—

Absol. (very rare):

si manantia corpuscula iter claudunt, ut Asclepiades contendit,

Cels. 1, praef. § 28.—Hence, contentus, a, um, P. a.

Lit., stretched, strained, tense, tight:

qui jam contento, jam laxo fune laborat,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 20:

acies oculorum,

Lucr. 1, 325; cf.:

contentis oculis prosequi aliquem,

Suet. Tib. 7:

contentis corporibus facilius feruntur onera (opp. remissa),

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54; cf.:

contentā cervice trahunt plaustra (boves),

Verg. G. 3, 536:

Placideiani contento poplite miror Proelia,

with the knee stiffly bent, Hor. S. 2, 7, 97.—

Trop., eager, intent:

contenta mens fuit in eā ratione,

Lucr. 4, 965; cf. Ov. M. 15, 515:

et contentā voce atrociter dicere et summissā leniter,

Cic. Or. 17, 56:

ad tribunatum contento studio cursuque veniamus,

id. Sest. 6, 13.— Sup.:

contentissimā voce clamitans,

App. M. 4, p. 147.— Adv.: con-tentē, earnestly, with great exertion, vehemently:

pro se dicere... mittere contentius,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57; cf.:

acriter atque contente pro suis decretis propugnare,

Gell. 18, 1, 2:

contentissime clamitare, App. Flor. n. 8: contentius ambulare,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97:

ornamentis iisdem uti fere licebit, alias contentius, alias summissius,

id. de Or. 3, 55, 212:

aliquid curiose atque contente lectitare,

Gell. 3, 3, 1.

rŭo, ŭi, ŭtum (ruiturus, a, um, Ov. M. 4, 459; Luc. 7, 404; Mart. 1, 88, 4; Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 8; gen. plur. part. ruentum, Verg. A. 11, 886), 3, v. n. and a., to fall with violence, rush down; to fall down, tumble down, go to ruin (cf.: labor, procumbo, cado).

Neutr. (very freq. and class.).

Lit. Rarely of persons:

caedebant pariter pariterque ruebant Victores victique,

Verg. A. 10, 756; so Val. Fl. 7, 642.—Of things:

ruere illa non possunt, ut haec non eodem labefacta motu concidant,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

spectacula runnt,

fell down, tumbled down, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47; cf.:

parietes ruunt,

id. Most. 1, 2, 36:

lateres veteres,

id. Truc. 2, 2, 50; so,

aedes,

id. Am. 5, 1, 43; id. Most. 1, 2, 69:

omnia tecta (supra aliquem),

Lucr. 4, 403; Liv. 4, 21, 5; Quint. 8, 3, 68 al.:

altae turres,

Lucr. 5, 307:

moles et machina mundi,

id. 5, 96:

murus,

Liv. 21, 11:

templa deum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 104;

aulaea,

id. ib. 2, 8, 71:

acervus,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 47:

murus latius quam caederetur,

Liv. 21, 11:

tecta in agris,

id. 4, 21:

silices a montibus altis,

Lucr. 5, 314:

alto a culmine Troja,

Verg. A. 2, 290.— Poet.:

caeli templa,

Lucr. 1, 1105: ruit arduus aether, it rains, or the rain descends in torrents, Verg. G. 1, 324; cf. id. A. 8, 525:

caelum imbribus immodicis,

Mart. 3, 100, 3; cf.:

caelum in se,

Liv. 40, 58:

ruit imbriferum ver,

i.e. is ending, hastening to its close, Verg. G. 1, 313; cf.:

turbidus imber aquā,

id. A. 5, 695:

tempestas,

Tac. A. 1, 30.

Prov.: caelum ruit, the sky is falling; of any thing very improbable: Cl. Quid tum, quaeso, si hoc pater resciverit? Sy. Quid si nunc caelum ruat? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41. —

Transf., of rapid, hasty movements, to hasten, hurry, run, rush (cf.:

volo, curro): id ne ferae quidem faciunt, ut ita ruant atque turbentur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 34; cf. id. Att. 7, 7, 7:

(Pompeium) ruere nuntiant et jam jamque adesse,

id. ib. 7, 20, 1:

huc omnis turba ruebat,

Verg. A. 6, 305:

Aeneadae in ferrum ruebant,

id. ib. 8, 648:

per proelia,

id. ib. 12, 526:

quidam inermes ultro ruere ac se morti offerre,

Tac. Agr. 37:

contis gladiisque ruerent,

id. A. 6, 35:

in aquam caeci ruebant,

Liv. 1, 27 fin.:

in castra fugientes,

id. 24, 16, 2: in vulnera ac tela, id. 26, 44:

promiscue in concubitus,

id. 3, 47:

eques pedesque certatim portis ruere,

id. 27, 41:

ad urbem infesto agmine,

id. 3, 3:

ad portas,

Tac. A. 1, 66:

ad convivium,

id. H. 2, 68 fin.:

per vias,

id. ib. 5, 22:

destinatā morte in proelium,

Flor. 2, 18, 12:

ruebant laxatis habenis aurigae,

Curt. 4, 15, 3:

de montibus amnes,

Verg. A. 4, 164:

flumina per campos,

Ov. M. 1, 285:

in Galliam Rhenus,

Tac. H. 5, 19.— Poet., of time:

vertitur interea caelum et ruit Oceano Nox,

i.e. hastens up, sets in, Verg. A. 2, 250:

revoluta ruebat dies,

was advancing, hastening on, id. ib. 10, 256; cf. of the setting of the sun, Val. Fl. 1, 274; App. M. 3, p. 136, 19.— Of sound, to break forth:

antrum, unde ruunt totidem voces, responsa Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 44.—

Trop.

(Acc. to A. 1.) To fall, fail, sink (very rare):

ratio ruat omnis,

Lucr. 4, 507:

quae cum accidunt nemo est quin intellegat, ruere illam rem publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 12:

Vitellium ne prosperis quidem parem, adeo ruentibus debilitatum,

by his falling fortunes, Tac. H. 3, 64:

tam florentes Atheniensium opes ruisse,

Just. 5, 1, 9.—

(Acc. to A. 2.) To rush, dash, hurry, hasten, run, etc. (freq. and class.):

tamquam ad interitum ruerem voluntarium,

Cic. Marcell. 5, 14:

emptorem pati ruere et per errorem in maximam fraudem incurrere,

to act hastily, commit an oversight, id. Off. 3, 13, 55; cf. Liv. 3, 11:

cum cotidie rueret,

Cic. Sest. 64, 133; id. Att. 2, 14, 1; Quint. 2, 20, 2:

compescere ruentes,

Tac. H. 1, 56; 2, 63 fin.; cf. id. ib. 2, 34:

ad seditiones et discordias et bella civilia,

id. ib. 1, 46:

crudelitatis odio in crudelitatem ruitis,

Liv. 3, 53:

in servitium,

Tac. A. 1, 7:

in exitium,

id. H. 1, 84:

in sua fata,

Ov. M. 6, 51:

omnia fatis In pejus,

Verg. G. 1, 200:

quo scelesti ruitis?

Hor. Epod. 7, 1:

quo ruis,

Verg. A. 10, 811; Ov. M. 9, 428:

multos video, quā vel impudentiā vel fames duxit, ruentes,

Quint. 2, 20, 2.— Poet., with inf.:

quo ruis imprudens, vage, dicere fata?

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 71:

scire ruunt,

Luc. 7, 751; Stat. Th. 7, 177; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 387.— Impers. pass.:

ut ferme fugiendo in media fata ruitur,

Liv. 8, 24.—

Act., to cast down with violence, to dash down, tumble down, hurl to the ground, prostrate (except the jurid. phrase ruta caesa, perh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose, for in the passage, Cic. Att. 2, 15, 2, seu ruet seu eriget rem publicam, ruet might be neutr.)

Lit.:

imbres fluctusque... frangere malum, Ruere antennas, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18:

naves (vis venti),

Lucr. 1, 272:

res impetibus crebris (venti),

id. 1, 293:

ceteros ruerem, agerem, raperem, funderem et prosternerem,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21:

immanem molem volvuntque ruuntque,

Verg. A. 9, 516:

cumulos ruit pinguis harenae,

breaks down, levels, id. G. 1, 105: sese superne in praedam, to cast one ' s self upon, App. Flor. 1, p. 341, 6.—

Poet., transf., to cast up from the bottom, to turn up, throw up, rake up: cum mare permotum ventis, ruit intus harenam, casts up (syn. eruit), Lucr. 6, 726; cf.:

totum (mare) a sedibus imis (venti),

Verg. A. 1, 85:

spumas salis aere,

id. ib. 1, 35:

cinerem et confusa Ossa focis,

id. ib. 11, 211:

atram nubem ad caelum (ignis),

id. G. 2, 308:

unde Divitias aerisque ruam, dic, augur, acervos,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 22.—Hence, rŭtus, a, um, P. a., found only in the phrase rūta et caesa or rūta caesa (acc. to Varro, the u was pronounced long, although it is short in the compounds erutus, obrutus, etc.:

in venditionis lege fundi ruta caesa ita dicimus, ut U producamus,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 104).—In jurid. lang., every thing dug up (ruta) and cut down (caesa) on an estate without being wrought, and which is reserved by the owner at a sale; the timber and minerals: si ruta et caesa excipiantur in venditione, ea placuit esse ruta, quae eruta sunt, ut harena, creta et similia;

caesa ea esse, ut arbores caesas, et carbones et his similia, etc.,

Dig. 19, 1, 17:

in rutis caesis ea sunt, quae terrā non tenentur, quaeque opere structili tectoriove non continentur,

ib. 50, 16, 241:

ruta caesa dicuntur, quae venditor possessionis sui usus gratiā concidit ruendoque contraxit,

Fest. p. 262 Müll.:

ut venditores, cum aedes fundumve vendiderint rutis caesis receptis, concedant tamen aliquid emptori, quod ornandi causā apte et loco positum esse videatur,

Cic. Top. 26, 100: dicet te ne in rutis quidem et caesis solium tibl fraternum recepisse, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226.